Respiratory System – Medical Terminology

-
Respiratory System – Medical Terminology

Respiratory System

Medical Terminology – Second Year Students
University of Hilla | Department of Anesthesia

1. Functions

The primary function of the respiratory system (RS) is to:

  • Deliver oxygen to the body’s tissues
  • Remove carbon dioxide from the body

This is achieved through breathing, which consists of two processes:

  • Inspiration: Movement of air into the lungs.
  • Expiration: Movement of air out of the lungs.

2. Structures

Upper Respiratory Tract

  • Nose
  • Nasal cavity
  • Nasopharynx
  • Larynx (voice box)

Lower Respiratory Tract

  • Trachea
  • Bronchi
  • Bronchioles
  • Alveolar ducts
  • Alveoli
  • Lung capillaries

Other Key Structures

  • Diaphragm: Primary muscle of respiration; separates thoracic and abdominal cavities.
  • Pleura: Membrane surrounding the lungs.
  • Lungs: Paired spongy organs for gas exchange.
  • Sinuses: Air-filled cavities that reduce skull weight.
  • Pharynx: The throat.

Table 1: Respiratory System – Combining Forms & Medical Terms

Root Combining Form Meaning Word Association
PulmonPulmon/oLungPulmonary: related to the lung
AlveolAlveol/oAlveolus/AlveoliAlveolar ventilation: volume of gas expired from alveoli
BrochBronchiol/o, Bronch/oBronchiole/BronchusBronchitis: inflammation of bronchial tubes
Trache-Trache/oTrachea (windpipe)Tracheotomy: surgical opening in trachea to assist breathing
EpiglottEpiglott/oEpiglottisEpiglottitis: life-threatening swelling of epiglottis
LaryngLaryng/oLarynx (voice box)Laryngospasm: involuntary contraction of vocal folds
OxOx/oOxygenHypoxemia: low oxygen in blood
OrthoOrtho/oStraight/UprightOrthopnea: difficulty breathing when lying flat
PleurPleur/oPleuraPleuritis/Pleurisy: inflammation of pleura
PharyngPharyng/oPharynx (throat)Pharyngitis: inflammation of pharynx
Pneumon, PulmPneum/o, Pulm/oLungPneumonia: infection of one or both lungs
CyanCyan/oBlueCyanosis: bluish skin due to low oxygen
SphyxSphyx/oPulse or breathAsphyxia: suffocation or lack of oxygen
PneumothoraxPneumothorax/oAir in chest cavityPneumothorax: collapsed lung due to air in pleural space
VentilVentil/oTo fan or breatheVentilation: process of breathing
ExpiraExpir/oTo breathe outExpiration: exhalation
InspiraInspir/oTo breathe inInspiration: inhalation
AsthmaAsthma/oBreathlessnessBronchial asthma: bronchial inflammation and narrowing
ApneaApne/oAbsence of breathingApnea: temporary cessation of breathing
TonsillTonsill/oTonsilsTonsillitis: inflammation of tonsils
PectorPector/oChestExpectoration: expelling mucus/phlegm from lungs or throat

© 2025 University of Hilla – Department of Anesthesia

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

**🔥 Breakthrough Harvard Study Reveals: Your Immune System Needs This Powerful Detox Boost! 🔥**

-
Image
  **🔥 Breakthrough Harvard Study Reveals: Your Immune System Needs This Powerful Detox Boost! 🔥**   Recent Harvard Research Suggests That The VITAL FORCE Pills Can Help!  Your body is under attack. Toxins from everyday stress, pollution, and processed foods are silently weakening your immune system—leaving you tired, sluggish, and vulnerable. But now, **Harvard-backed research** has uncovered a game-changing solution: **VITAL FORCE Pills**.   ✨ **Why VITAL FORCE?**   ✅ **Science-Backed Formula**: Packed with potent antioxidants, vitamins, and natural detoxifiers to flush toxins and supercharge immunity.   ✅ **One Pill, Maximum Impact**: No more juggling dozens of supplements! Get *all-day energy*, *clarity*, and *resilience* in a single easy dose.   ✅ **Fast-Acting Results**: Feel the difference in days—not weeks—with this cutting-edge blend.   ⏰ **Limited-Time Offer: 50% Off + Free Shipping!**   Thousands...
Read more

**Unlock Your Potential with The Home Business Academy – Act Now and Share the Profit!**

-
Image
  **Unlock Your Potential with The Home Business Academy – Act Now and Share the Profit!** Are you ready to take your business to the next level? Join **The Home Business Academy** today through my exclusive link, and I’ll personally help you unlock a world of opportunities. Whether you're looking to sharpen your skills, grow your network, or build a sustainable income stream, this program has everything you need to succeed. ### Why Choose The Home Business Academy? - **Proven Training Modules**: Learn from industry experts who have been where you are now. - **Step-by-Step Guidance**: Get actionable strategies that work in today’s market. - **Supportive Community**: Connect with like-minded entrepreneurs who will cheer you on every step of the way. But here’s the best part: **I’m offering YOU a chance to share in the profits!** If you purchase an account through my affiliate link, I’ll split *half of my commission* with you as a thank-you for trusting me on this journey. That’s rig...
Read more

فرصتك لبدء مشروعك الرقمي وبناء دخل مستمر – بدون خبرة تقنية

-
Image
فرصتك لبدء مشروعك الرقمي وبناء دخل مستمر – بدون خبرة تقنية!** هل فكرت يومًا في امتلاك موقع إلكتروني أو متجر احترافي على الإنترنت؟ أو في التسويق لمنتج والحصول على عمولة مقابل كل عملية بيع؟   الآن، صار بإمكانك **تحقيق كل ذلك بسهولة** من خلال منصة **Sale Funnel Pro**. **ما هو Sale Funnel Pro؟**   هي أداة أمريكية  متكاملة تساعدك على: - تصميم مواقع إلكترونية بسهولة عبر السحب والإفلات   - إنشاء فنيل (Funnels) احترافي لجذب العملاء وزيادة المبيعات   - إطلاق متجرك الإلكتروني بدون الحاجة لمبرمج   - الترويج لمنتجاتك أو منتجات الغير وكسب العمولات   **والأجمل من ذلك؟**   إذا سجل أحد من خلال رابطك، تحصل على **عمولة فورية**،   وإذا بدأ هو أيضًا يروج للمنصة، ستحصل على **دخل شهري متكرر (Residual income)** دون أي جهد إضافي منك! **يعني دخل متكرر يتراكم بمرور الوقت!** --- ### **ابدأ اليوم وحقق دخل إضافي من بيتك** لا تحتاج خبرة برمجية أو خلفية تقنية.   ابدأ مجانًا، جرّب المنصة بنفسك، وابدأ في الترويج لها عبر رابطك...
Read more